On April 30th, India’s government, led by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), announced that the 2025-2026 national census will include caste enumeration, a first since 1931. For Other Backward Classes (OBCs), who have long demanded granular data to address socio-economic disparities, this is a hard-won milestone. Yet, the journey toward a comprehensive, transparent report remains fraught with risks—from political maneuvering to methodological flaws. OBCs must stay vigilant, scrutinizing every step, lest this opportunity slips into another missed chance. Here’s what’s at stake and what must be done in the meantime. A Fragile Victory The caste census promise, driven by coalition pressures and electoral calculus, marks progress in a decades-long struggle. Bihar’s 2023 survey, revealing OBCs and Extremely Backward Classes as 63% of its population, underscored the need for national data to refine affirmative action and welfare schemes. The BJP, historically wary of caste enumeration for fear...