T. Chiranjeevulu, IAS (Ret) . Founder President BCIF( BC Intellectuals Forum) Recently, some BJP leaders have been commenting that "reservations are being given to Muslims on a religious basis, which is against the spirit of the Constitution." First, one thing must be made clear — The Indian Constitution does not permit religious-based reservations. That is a fact. However, the same Constitution used the broad term "Backward Classes." This term is not limited to caste alone, nor is it restricted to any single religion. The Constitution provides the opportunity to identify socially and educationally backward sections within any religion as BCs (Backward Classes). The Indra Sawhney Judgment — A Clear Directive In the Indra Sawhney (1992) judgment, delivered in the context of the Mandal Commission's implementation, a 9-judge Constitutional Bench of the Supreme Court clarified a crucial point — Backward Classes is a classification that trans...
What emerges from the record is not a state in collapse, nor one rebuilding a carbon copy of what was destroyed. Iran is doing something more strategically interesting: conducting a doctrinal audit in real time, explicitly debating whether Mosaic Defence needs to be deepened, revised, or replaced. The answers being given by different factions inside the regime are not the same — which itself tells us something important about the political dynamics shaping reconstitution. The doctrinal debate: deepen, revise, or abandon? The most important analytical development is that Iran's post-war internal discourse has made the doctrinal debate explicit rather than tacit. This is unusual — states rarely publish their strategic self-criticism so transparently — and it gives us unusually direct insight into the reconstitution logic. The clearest doctrinal signal came from IRGC analyst Khani in October 2025. Khani proposed expanding former IRGC Commander Major General Mohammad Ali J...