1. Wealth Concentration by Caste
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According to research using World Inequality Lab data, over 85–88% of Indian billionaire wealth is held by upper castes (Brahmins, Baniyas, Kayasthas, and other savarna groups).
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OBCs account for only around 9%, and SCs around 2–3%. STs are effectively absent among billionaires.
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This shows a massive overrepresentation of upper castes in the top wealth bracket compared to their population share (upper castes are about 20–25% of India’s population).
2. Historical and Structural Reasons
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Access to Capital & Networks
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Upper castes historically had access to land, business networks, and education under both colonial and post-independence systems.
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These advantages accumulate over generations, making it easier to scale businesses into billionaire wealth.
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Education & Professional Opportunities
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Many upper-caste families were overrepresented in elite education and professional fields, giving them high-paying opportunities and entrepreneurial leverage.
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Entrepreneurship & Urban Advantage
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A lot of billionaire wealth comes from sectors like finance, tech, and real estate, where upper-caste entrepreneurs have historically dominated.
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Social networks, mentorship, and access to urban markets have reinforced this dominance.
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3. Implications
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The dominance of upper castes at the top underscores structural inequality: caste still matters massively in India’s economic hierarchy.
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Policies like OBC reservations, affirmative action, and entrepreneurship support have helped some disadvantaged groups, but wealth creation at the billionaire scale remains heavily skewed.
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This is reflected not just in wealth but also in political clout, social influence, and access to elite institutions.
In short: the Indian billionaire club is overwhelmingly upper caste, both in number and in the share of wealth. OBCs and other marginalized communities are still underrepresented at the very top, despite population share and policy interventions.
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